Anti-K562 cell monoclonal antibody RTF8X recognizes tumor-associated antigen of erythroid lineage.

A new anti-K562 cell monoclonal antibody, RTF8X, a cytotoxic IgM, recognized a surface antigen on erythroblasts from patients with erythroleukemia and polycythemia vera. RTF8X, which is highly specific to K562 cells, did not react with the other 14 hematopoietic cell lines and the seven nonhematopoietic cell lines. RTF8X antigen was not detected in normal peripheral blood, but was found in less than 1% of normal marrow cells. RTF8X did not inhibit in vitro colony formation of CFU-E and BFU-E in a complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay. Cell-sorting analysis showed that, morphologically, the RTF8X-positive marrow cells from the patients and normal volunteers contained more than 60% erythroblasts and that CFU-E and BFU-E were not demonstrated in cells with RTF8X antigen. Enzyme treatment suggested that RTF8X antigen was a sialoglycolipid. These results indicate that RTF8X may recognize the surface antigen found increasingly in association with tumors of erythroid lineage. RTF8X should be useful for studies of erythroid differentiation and proliferation in patients.